采用功率谱密度方法,对乌加河地震台2023年正常观测时段和各类干扰时段噪声信号(地震、人为、大风、雷电、气压)进行分析,结果表明:①乌加河地震台VP型垂直摆背景噪声变化主要来自低频自然噪声。②地震的震级会对背景噪声信号功率谱密度造成影响,震中距则对噪声最大值出现的频段产生影响。③地震波引发的背景噪声最大值出现在0—0.18 Hz频段,仪器标定主要对10-5—10-1 Hz频段信号产生影响,大风扰动主要影响10-1 Hz频段以上信号,雷电干扰导致的背景噪声主要出现在0—0.1 Hz频段,气压干扰所致背景噪声对0—0.08 Hz频段影响较大。以上结果可为资料处理中各类干扰识别提供参考,以便为深入分析地震地球物理异常提供可能。
The power spectral density method was employed to analyze the noise signals (earthquake, anthropogenic, strong wind, lightning, and atmospheric pressure) during normal observation periods and various interference periods at the Wujiahe Seismic Station in 2023. The results indicate that: ① The background noise variation of the VP-type vertical pendulum at the Wujiahe Seismic Station primarily originates from low-frequency natural noise.② The magnitude of earthquakes affects the power spectral density of background noise signals, while the epicentral distance influences the frequency band where the maximum noise occurs. ③ The peak background noise caused by seismic waves appears in the 0-0.18 Hz frequency band. Instrument calibration primarily affects signals in the frequency band of 10-5-10-1 Hz. Strong wind disturbances primarily influence signals above 10-1 Hz. Lightning-induced background noise mainly occurs in the frequency band of 0-0.1 Hz. Atmospheric pressure interference significantly impacts the frequency band of 0-0.08 Hz. These findings can serve as a reference for identifying various types of interference during data processing, thereby facilitating in-depth analysis of seismic and geophysical anomalies.
2025,46(2): 91-99 收稿日期:2024-8-13
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1003-3246.2025.02.010
基金项目:内蒙古自治区地震局局长基金(项目编号:2024QN08)
作者简介:王耀临(1997—),男,硕士研究生,助理工程师,从事地球物理前兆数据分析和测震数据研究工作。E-mail:wyl2059@126.com
参考文献:
段莉莉. 地倾斜观测在地震分析预报中的应用[D]. 长春:吉林大学,2014.
韩宇飞,江颖,张晓彤,等. 陆态网络太原台gPhone重力仪背景噪声水平研究[J]. 大地测量与地球动力学,2015,35(5):898-900.
李惠玲,张明,范晓易,等. 不同型号摆式倾斜仪观测资料的一致性分析[J]. 华北地震科学,2022,40(4):59-68.
杨龙翔,王志铄,贾漯昭,等. 河南省测震台网背景噪声特征分析[J]. 大地测量与地球动力学,2015,35(3):543-546.
张小艳,赵星,熊峰,等. 内蒙古地倾斜观测主要干扰信号的功率谱密度特征[J]. 华北地震科学,2022,40(3):62-68.
赵莹. VP垂直摆观测背景的功率谱密度特征分析[J]. 大地测量与地球动力学,2018,38(10):1 080-1 085.
赵莹. 全台网垂直摆倾斜仪背景噪声水平分析[J]. 大地测量与地球动力学,2019,39(8):869-874.
张小艳,赵星,熊峰,等. 内蒙古VP垂直摆倾斜仪背景噪声水平[J]. 华北地震科学,2023,41(2):108-112.
张小艳,安全,熊峰,等. 内蒙古VP型垂直摆倾斜仪背景噪声特征分析[J]. 大地测量与地球动力学,2024,44(11):1 193-1 198.
Banka D, Crossley D. Noise Levels of Superconducting Gravimeters at Seismic Frequencies[J]. Geophysical Journal International, 1999, 139(1): 87-97.
Peterson J R. Observations and Modeling of Seismic Background Noise[R]. Reston: US Geological Survey, 1993.